What could we learn from deep space exploration?

At the core, deep space refers to the space environment once outside of Earth’s protective atmosphere. Here, radiation is not dampened by the atmosphere or a magnetic field.

For more information on space radiation, check out our deep dive into radiation in space in our InSight HERE.

Deep space exploration provides valuable knowledge that benefits humanity. Many of the listed benefits below have direct terrestrial applications, but not all of them have immediate or direct practical benefits on Earth. Knowledge gained from deep space exploration can have broader or long-term practical applications, while others are primarily focused on advancing our understanding of the cosmos and the fundamental laws of physics. Deep space exploration can provide insights into the following areas: 

  • Understanding the cosmos: the ability to study distant celestial bodies, galaxies, and cosmic phenomena, help to gain a deeper understanding of the universe’s origins, evolution, and composition.
  • Planetary science: understanding planets, moons, and asteroids in our solar system helps us learn about their geology, atmosphere, and potential for supporting life. This knowledge aids in understanding Earth’s own history and how it differs from other celestial bodies.
  • Space technology advancement: Exploring deep space requires cutting-edge technologies, pushing the boundaries of engineering and science. Many technological advancements developed for space missions have practical applications on Earth, such as medical devices, telecommunications, and materials science.
  • Resource utilization: Assessing the potential resources available on celestial bodies, such as water on the Moon or minerals from asteroids, could pave the way for future human exploration and even colonization efforts.
  • Space weather and cosmic radiation: Studying space weather and radiation in deep space helps us understand potential hazards to astronauts and spacecraft, essential for planning safe manned missions.
  • Astrobiology and the search for life: Deep space exploration informs the field of astrobiology by investigating the potential for life beyond Earth. The discovery of microbial life or evidence of past life elsewhere would revolutionize our understanding of biology and the possibility of extraterrestrial life.
  • Galactic habitability: By studying exoplanets and their atmospheres, we gain insights into the conditions required for habitability and the prevalence of potentially habitable worlds in the cosmos.
  • Fundamental physics: Deep space missions provide opportunities to test fundamental physics theories in extreme environments, such as the bending of light in strong gravitational fields and dark matter observations.
  • Global collaboration: Deep space exploration almost always requires international collaboration, fostering cooperation and diplomacy among nations working toward common scientific goals.
  • Inspiration and education: Deep space exploration captivates the human imagination and serves as a source of inspiration for future generations. It encourages scientific curiosity, drives interest in STEM fields, and promotes scientific literacy.

Since Yuri Gagarin’s first orbital flight in 1961, space exploration has been rewarding to our lives on Earth. All of the following technological innovations owe their terrestrial developments to space exploration:

  • Velcro
  • GPS
  • Solar cells
  • Memory foam
  • Portable cordless vacuums
  • Shock absorbers for buildings
  • Fire resistant reinforcers
  • Invisible braces (dental)
  • Air purifier
  • Scratch resistant lenses
  • Baby formula
  • Freeze drying
  • Food safety
  • Water purification
  • Artificial limbs
  • Improved radial tires

Advancements in space technology such as satellite-based navigation, weather forecasting, climate change tracking, disaster management, and telecommunications, have clear and tangible terrestrial benefits. Therefore, studies of space weather and cosmic radiation are not only essential for protecting astronauts and spacecraft during deep space missions but also necessary for understanding potential impacts on Earth’s communication and power systems.

Additionally, the search for life beyond Earth and the study of planetary geology provide insights into the origins and evolution of life and planetary systems and can lead to a better understanding of Earth’s history and the potential for life elsewhere in the universe. Some aspects of deep space exploration, such as testing fundamental physics theories or studying distant galaxies, may not have immediate practical applications on Earth. These pursuits focus on expanding our scientific knowledge and pushing the boundaries of human understanding.

While not all the benefits of deep space exploration have immediate terrestrial applications, the knowledge and technologies developed through these missions often have long-term impacts, and the pursuit of exploration itself is a testament to human curiosity and the desire to explore the unknown. Furthermore, investments in space exploration have historically driven innovation and technological advancements with broader applications in various fields, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.

Michael Mealling from Starbridge Venture Capital has stated that if we do something in space, most likely it will have terrestrial use as well. Typically these products are better than what the competition could offer as it is perfected for the harsh and challenging environment of space. This makes the result more sustainable, greener, reliable, more cost-effective and efficient.

Overall, deep space exploration is a fundamental aspect of human curiosity and our quest to expand our knowledge and our understanding of the cosmos. The lessons learned from these missions continue to shape our scientific, technological, and philosophical understanding of the universe.